INTRODUCTION:

Motherhood has true nobility and unique capacities. Pregnancy and child birth are special events in women’s lives. Childbirth process starts from pregnancy and end of puerperium.¹

Puerperal sepsis attributed to home deliveries accounts for 15 percent of total maternal deaths in Kenya. Postpartum infections comprise a wide range of entities that can occur after vaginal and cesarean delivery or during breastfeeding. In addition to trauma sustained during the birth process or cesarean procedure, physiologic changes during pregnancy contribute to the development of postpartum infections.

Over 70% of maternal deaths in the developing world are caused by sepsis among other causes including; hemorrhage, hypertension disorders, unsafe abortion, and obstructed labor. Sepsis was the most frequent underlying cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the 19th century, responsible for 50% of all cases. It is the leading cause of death in the intensive care unit in the United States.10

(Dillen et al., 2010)

AIM OF THE STUDY:

The study aimed to impart education among the mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention through Video Assisted Teaching Module at SCBMCH, Cuttack, Odisha.

RESEARCH HYPOTHESES:

All hypotheses will be tested at 0.05 level of significance.

H1–The mean post-test knowledge score will be significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score.

H2–There will be significant association between knowledge regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention with their selected demographic variables.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

In this study involves assessing the effectiveness of VATM with baseline knowledge was obtained immediately before the intervention and post test knowledge was collected after it. One group pre-test post-test pre-experimental design was adopted in this study. The population of the study includes all episiotomy postnatal mothers between the group of 20 - 45years.The total population of an episiotomy postnatal mothers was 60.

The Inclusion criteria for the selection of sample was Postnatal mothers who are in the age group of 20 - 45yea, had undergone episiotomy, willing to participate in this study and those those who had any any chronic disease were excluded. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples.In purposive sampling, the researcher selects the participants for the study on the basis of personal judgement about which one will be most representative or productive.The tool and content were submitted to experts for their suggestions and opinions regarding the relevance ,adequacy and appropriateness of the items and tool. By considering modifications and suggestions the study was proceeding.structured questionnaire method was used for data collection.

Data was analysed by Frequency and percentage wise distribution of data on demographic variables of episiotomy postnatal mothers.

Frequency and Percentage wise distribution of episiotomy postnatal mothers according to their age

Age (in years)	Frequency	Percentage (%)
20 -25	22	36.6%
26-30	24	40%
31-40	14	23.3%
41 – 45	0	0%

SECTION II

· Data on overall pre and post-test level of knowledge scores among episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention

· Table 4.2.1: Overall comparision (Frequency and percentage wise distribution) of level of knowledge of pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention=60

Figure 4.2.1 Column diagram shows comparison of pre- test and post- test knowledge score of episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention

Interpretation: Table 4.2.1 and Figure 4.2.1, shows that the maximum (70%) of mothers had very poor knowledge where as 30% mothers had poor knowledge and none of them hadaverage, good and excellent knowledge in pre-test, and in other side in post-test 53.33% mothers had good knowledge and 46.66% had excellent knowledge and none of them had very poor, poor and average knowledge.

Hence, it can be interpreted that VATM was effective and the data reveals that without any intervention as the level of knowledge scores decreased in the pre-test, it was clear that VATM regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention was effective to improve the knowledge scores among the episiotomy postnatal mothers.

Interpretation:

Table 4.4.2: Comparison between the overall knowledge scores of mean, SD, mean difference and ‘t’ value of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge scores among the episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention

Groups

Mean

Mean Difference

‘t’ Value

Table Value

(P≤ 0.05)

Pre test

7.25

2.95

24.7

7.68

1.64

Post test

31.95

3.87

Table 4.4.2: Reveals that mean, standard deviation and paired ‘t’test value of knowledge scores regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention in pre-test and post-test. The obtained post-test mean value 31.95 was higher than the pre-test mean value 7.25. The mean difference between pre-test and post-test was 24.7 and the paired ‘t’ test value was 7.68 at 5% level of significance which was highly significant. The calculated value was higher than tabulated ‘t’ value.

Hence, null hypothesis was rejected and statistical hypothesis was accepted.

Table 4.4.3: Association between post-test knowledge scores of the episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention with their selected demographic variables.

Demographic variables	Chi square value	Df	Table value	Level of significance
Age of the mothers in years	0.88	12	21.02	Not significant
Educational qualification	29.58	12	21.02	Highly significant
Occupation	9.1	8	15.50	Not significant
Religion	1.84	12	21.03	Not significant
Area of Residence	9.66	8	15.5	Not significant
Number of delivery	1.83	12	21.03	Not significant

(P≤0.05)

Chi square was calculated to find out the association between post-test knowledge scores of the episiotomy postnatal mothers with their selected demographic variables. It was found that there was significant association between post-test knowledge score among episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention when compared to the area of educational qualification of the mother at 5% level of significance. There were no significant association between post-test knowledge scores among episiotomy postnatal mothers when compared with the age of the mother, occupation, religion, area of residence and number of deliveries.

DISCUSSION:

SECTION I: Frequency and percentage wise distribution of data on demographic variables of episiotomy postnatal mothers

Age of the episiotomy postnatal mothers: The maximum percentage (40%) of thepostnatal mothers were in the age group of 26 -30yrs, 36.6% of the mothers belonged to the age group of 20 – 25 yrs, 23.3% of the mothers belonged to the age group of 31 – 40yrs and 0% of the mothers were in the age group 41 – 45yrs.

Educational qualification:

The high percentage (33.30%) of thepostnatal mothers were having secondary school education, 26.6% of mothers were having primary school education and 25% of mothers were having graduation and above and 15% of mothers were illiterate.

Occupation:

Distribution of episiotomy postnatal mothers according to their occupation depicts that 51.6% ofpostnatal mothers were housewife where as 40% of the episiotomy postnatal mothers were working lady and 8.3% of the mothers were self employed.

Religion:

Distribution of episiotomy postnatal mothers according to their religion shows that high percentages (63.3%) of the episiotomy postnatal mothers were Hindu where as 16.6% mothers were Muslimand 16.6% of mothers were Christian and 3.3% of mothers belonged to other religion.

Area of residence:

Distribution of the postnatal mothers according to the area of residence depicts that 55% of mothers were from urban area where as 25% were from rural area and 20% were from slum area.

Number of deliveries-The highest percentage (53.3%) of thepostnatal mothers were having their first number of delivery, 41.6% of mothers were having their second number of delivery, 3.3% of mother s were having their third number of delivery and 1.6% ofmothers were their fourth number of delivery.

SECTION II: Data on level of knowledge scores among episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention

Data on overall pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score among episiotomy postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention.

The knowledge level of postnatal mothers was assessed which based on their secured scores. The scores in pre-test depicted that maximum number of postnatal mothers (42) of 70% were secured score between 0 - 8 shows that very poor level of knowledge, 18 number of mothers of 30% were secured score between 9 - 16 reveals that poor level of knowledge, and non of them were secured score between 17 – 34, 25 – 32 and 33 - 40 shows that no one had average, good and excellent level of knowledge.

SECTION III: Data on the knowledge scores among episiotomy postnatal mothers by using closed ended knowledge questionnaire on selected sections related to puerperal sepsis and its prevention

(A) Overall and area wise comparison of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge scoreson puerperal sepsis and its prevention. Area wise comparison of mean, SD and mean percentage of pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of postnatal mothers depicts that the highest pre-test mean score was 2.66±1.44 with mean percentage 14.03% for the area “Heat therapy’’. The lowest pre-tests mean score was 0.93±1.13 with mean percentage 23.32% for the area “General information about puerperal sepsis’’ where as the highest post-tests mean score was 15.16±1.92 with mean percentage 79.82% for the area “Heat therapy’’. The lowest post-tests mean score was 3.15±0.77 with mean percentage 78.75% for the area “General information about puerperal sepsis’’. The overall pre-test mean score was 7.24±2.95 with mean percentage 18.12% and post-test mean score was 31.94±3.87 with mean percentage 79.87%.

SECTION IV: Data on effectiveness of video assisted teaching module regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention among episiotomy postnatal mothers

Hypotheses Testing:

The obtained pre-test mean score was 7.24±2.95 whereas post-test mean score was 31.94±3.87 with mean difference 24.69. The overall calculated ‘t’ value was 7.68. It was higher than tabulated value (1.64) with df= 59 at 5% level of significance. So the null hypothesis was rejected. It was inferred that postnatal mothers had higher post-test knowledge after implementing the VATM which shows effectiveness of VATM. It was supported by Dongre AR, 2009.

It was found that there was significant association between post-test knowledge scores among postnatal mothers regarding puerperal sepsis and its prevention when compared to area of level of education of the mother at 5% level of significance. There was no significant association between post-test knowledge scores among postnatal mothers when compared with the age of the mother, occupation, religion, and number of deliveries of the mother. It was supported by Jacob Sandberg, 2014.

CONCLUSION:

From the findings of the present study is concluded that Video Assisted Teaching Module on puerperal sepsis and its prevention among episiotomy postnatal mothers was effective for improving knowledge of postnatal mothers.

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Received on 12.01.2024 Modified on 27.01.2024

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2024; 12(1):71-74.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2024.00016